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New Clingendael Diplomacy Paper: Projecting Economic Power - Japan’s Diplomacy towards North Korea
March 2, 2009. 
From 2002 until at least mid-2007, the Japanese government acted from the premise that slowing down bilateral and multilateral negotiations with North Korea by taking an unaccommodating stance was in Japan’s national interest. It projected power through a one-sided policy of economic diplomacy, which aimed less to influence the regime in Pyongyang than to enhance Japan’s national security at large. This paper analyses Tokyo’s stance on a range of themes in the framework of its economic diplomacy, providing fresh insights into Japan’s strategic thinking and foreign policy in East Asia.
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